Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; Pic. 1) is characterized by increased size of the prostate leading to difficulties with passing the urine. The cells of prostate may increase in numbers (hyperplasia) or in size (hypertrophy) resulting in larger size of prostate. As result, prostatic nodules form in the transition zone of the prostate, which is the area where the prostate is surrounding the urethra. This is eventually leading to increased pressure to the urethra which becomes compressed so there is a flow repulse. Therefore, the bladder has to make greater work effort during voiding, possibly leading to progressive hyperthrophy, instability, or weakness (atony) of the bladder muscle.